Abstract
Inserting an unseen part requires sub-millimetre precision and the correct orientation of keyed features. Current zero-shot agentic manipulation methods built on vision-language models (VLMs) produce spatial outputs that are far too coarse for this. We propose to let a VLM build a sketch model of the task, i.e., a few geometric primitives and two mate frames, which a VLM agent measures with geometric tools in multi-view depth and which a standard planner and compliant controller execute. Because a sketch describes the parts independently of their placement, the robot needs to build it only once per task. A sketch memory stores each agent run and transfers the stored sketch to later placements by point-cloud registration, so that the VLM is called only for unfamiliar parts. After grasping the part, the robot inspects both mating faces at close range and corrects the sketch by shape matching. On 69 simulated insertion episodes, our method inserts 88% of the parts at the assembled pose in a strict kinematic test, while ReKep and MOKA with the same VLM insert none. On new placements of eight tasks, reusing one stored run inserts as many parts as calling the agent in each episode, and it produces the sketch in 3.4 s instead of about 90 s.
Abstract (translated)
URL
https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41844
